THEORY
Ø In byte stuffing (or character stuffing), a special byte usually called the escape character (ESC) [ predefined bit pattern] is added to the data section of the frame when there is a character with the same pattern as the flag.
Ø Whenever the receiver encounters the ESC, it removes it from the data section and treats the next character as data, not a delimiting flag.
Ø What happens if the data contains one or more escape characters followed by a flag? The receiver removes the escape character but keeps the flag, which is incorrectly interpreted as the end of the frame. To solve this problem, the escape characters that are part of the data must also be marked by another escape character.
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