Standard Input Output Functions in python

 Standard functions are the part of standard python libraries and can be used out of the box without need to import external python library.Some of the functions are:

o   print()

o   input()

o   len()

o   range()

o   min()

o   max()

o   sum()

o   etc

print():

In Python, the print() function is used to display result on the screen. 

>>> print("Welcome to Python Programming")

>>> x = 5

>>> y = 6

>>> z = x + y

>>> print(z)

input():

Ø  It is used to gather input from the user and store it in the variable. It prompts for the user input and reads a line. After reading data, it converts it into a string and returns that. 

Syntax: input ([prompt])   #where prompts is a string message which prompts for the user input.

 

>>> name = input("What is your name?")

>>> print(name)

The program will now wait for the user to enter some value and user will be prompted with the text which is supplied inside input function. Once the user type the value, that value will get stored into the variable name

Ø  This input function convert the whatever the value entered into a string

# Python input() function example 

# Calling function 

val = input("Enter a value: ") 

# Displaying result 

print("You entered:",val)

 

len():

Ø  The python len() function is used to return the length (the number of items) of an object.

Ø  Syntax: len(object)  

Ø   Where object: An object that must be a sequence(string, tuple, list etc.) or a collection(dictionary, set etc.)

# The below example shows the length of string.

>>> strA = 'OnlineSmartTrainer' 

>>> print(len(strA)) 

>>> strA = 'Online Smart Trainer' 

>>> print(len(strA))

 

#The below example shows the length of list.

>>> listA = ['Python', 'C', 'C++', 'Java'] 

>>> print(len(listA))

#The below example shows the length of dictionary.

>>> dictA = { 

    'name': 'Phill', 'university': 'GTU', 'ID': 1107 

} 

>>> print(len(dictA))

 

 

range():

Ø  Python range() function returns an immutable sequence of numbers starting from 0, increments by 1 and ends at a specified number.

Ø  Syntax: range(start, stop, step)  

where

start (optional) : It is an integer number that specifies the starting position. The Default value is 0.stop (optional) : It is an integer that specifies the ending position. step (optional) : It is an integer that specifies the increment of a number. The Default value is 1.

# Empty range 

>>> print(list(range(0))) 

 

# using the range(stop) 

>>> print(list(range(4))) 

 

  # using the range(start, stop) 

>>> print(list(range(1,7))) 

sum():

Ø  As the name says, python sum() function is used to get the sum of numbers of an iterable like list, tuples, and dictionaries, but an iterable object must contain numbers.

>>> s = sum([1,2,2]) 

>>> print(s)

 

>>> s = sum([1, 2, 2], 10) 

>>> print(s)

# This example shows sum of floating point numbers:

>>> s = sum([2.5, 2.5, 3]) 

>>> print(s)

# This example shows sum of complex numbers:

>>> s = sum([1 + 2j, 3 + 4j]) 

>>> print(s) 

>>> s = sum([1 + 2j, 3 + 4j], 2 + 2j) 

>>> print(s)

>>> s = sum([1 + 2j, 2, 1.5 - 2j]) 

>>> print(s)

 

min() and max():

Ø  These functions are used to find minimum and maximum values